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Tractors, which are the heart of agriculture, consist of various parts. For this reason, each part has a separate task in order for the tractor to fulfill its function. In our article, the main parts and duties of the tractor are included.
Tractor Main Parts
The main parts of tractors used in agricultural works are as follows:
- Engine
- Drivetrains
- Grip
- Gear box
- Differential
- PTO
- Steering system
- Brake system
- Tractor rear linkages
What are the Duties of the Main Parts?
The main parts of the tractor have different tasks. These are listed below.
Engine
It is the most important part that provides power for all work of the tractor. The power produced in the engine is transmitted to the wheels and PTO by the transmission parts. So the engine is the heart of the tractor. Most four-stroke internal combustion engines are used in tractors.
Powertain
Powertrain, which are among the main parts of the tractor; It consists of clutch, gearbox, differential and final reduction. For this reason, the transfer parts are as important as the engine of the tractor.
Clutch
Clutch is used to provide the first movement of the engine, to change gears, to equalize the speed of the engine and gearbox. The clutches therefore provide a resolvable connection between the engine and the gearbox.
Tractor Main Parts: Gear Box
The gear box is the part that enables the engine movement coming from the clutch to reach the wheels at the desired revolutions and speed.
Differential
For driving safety, while the tractor is cornering, the outer wheels should turn more than the inner wheels. It is the part differential that allows the outer wheels to turn more than the inner wheels.
PTO
The PTO is the part that provides motion transmission to the rotating machines. Due to the presence of tools driven by the PTO in field work, today the PTO is manufactured in two different structures, at 540 revolutions per minute or 1000 revolutions per minute.
Tractor Main Parts: Steering Systems
The steering system is the part that provides turning by giving direction to the front wheel of the tractor or by slowing down one of the tracks in tracked tractors.
In standard type field tractors, the forward movement is only given by the rear wheels. The front wheels serve only as steering. However, in some tractors, the front wheels can also move forward. In this way, the traction of the tractor increases even more with the movement of all four wheels (double wheel drive). In this way, skidding and similar situations are reduced in difficult working conditions.
Types of steering in tractors;
- Axle rotating
- Articulated
Axle steering system is divided into two as two-wheel steering and four-wheel steering.
Today, there are four ways for it:
- Mechanical steering,
- Hydraulic steering,
- Hydraulically assisted steering,
- Hydrostatic steering
Tractor Main Parts: Brake System
The brake system, which is among the main parts of the tractor, is the most important part for driving safety. Because the brake is the system that slows down or stops the tractor in motion.
Tractors have two types of brakes. These are;
- Parking brake (parking brake)
- Foot brake (operating brake / running brake)
The operating brake is operated by foot, and the parking brake is used by hand. However, only the rear wheels are braked on standard tractors. Braking takes place either inside the wheel or at the differential output. In addition, there is a braking system for the front wheels in double-wheel drive tractors.
Rear Linkage Arrangements on Tractor
Tractors have a large number of connection mechanisms for pulling and pulling tools and machines according to different usage conditions and also their targets. Tractor rear hitches are used for towing trailed implements and trailers by connecting them to the tractor.
Towing layouts:
- High drawbar connection,
- Oscillating drawbar,
- Perforated drawbar,
- Quick-release tow hook
