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Biomechanical Properties of the Trabecular Meshwork in Aqueous Humor Outflow Resistance

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Ocular Rigidity, Biomechanics and Hydrodynamics of the Eye

Abstract

Glaucoma is a multi-factorial disease often associated with elevated intraocular pressure and increased rigidity of the trabecular meshwork (TM). Stiffening of inner wall endothelial cells of the Schlemm’s canal (SC) has also been documented with glaucoma. Such stiffening is often associated with changes in the extracellular matrix and thus plays a critical role in maintenance of aqueous outflow homeostasis. Considering that biomechanics and topographical cues from the matrix significantly influence cellular responses, it is imperative to understand the biomechanical attributes of the TM. Here, we review relevant studies that have measured the elastic moduli of the TM from humans and a variety of non-human animal models including the various methods used. The reported elastic moduli vary from kilopascal to megapascal range depending on the method utilized in excised tissues. Multiple attempts are currently underway for in vivo quantifications which would significantly be beneficial for diagnosis of the disease. We conclude the chapter by discussing briefly the cellular consequences to the dynamically changing matrix stiffness and its implication in disease etiology and progression.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Ocular Surface Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    VijayKrishna Raghunathan

  2. Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    VijayKrishna Raghunathan

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    VijayKrishna Raghunathan

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  1. VijayKrishna Raghunathan
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Correspondence to VijayKrishna Raghunathan .

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

    Ioannis Pallikaris

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

    Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris

  3. 2nd Ophthalmology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Anna I. Dastiridou

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Raghunathan, V. (2021). Biomechanical Properties of the Trabecular Meshwork in Aqueous Humor Outflow Resistance. In: Pallikaris, I., Tsilimbaris, M.K., Dastiridou, A.I. (eds) Ocular Rigidity, Biomechanics and Hydrodynamics of the Eye. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64422-2_10

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