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Wheat Square

By Dekanski

Wheat Square, Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia : : The modern city of Sremska Mitrovica is built on the ruins of the ancient city, with remnants of the old buildings lying buried under buildings, roads, parks and walkways. Wheat Market area was used by craftsmen and traders along the southwest city wall of Sirmium. Oriented in a east-west direction, the street was paved with stone blocks and had an advanced sewage system. The site dates from the end of the 2nd till the 5th century AD. At the end of the 18th century, Wheat Square represented formed urban whole of triangular base that had approaches to docks, town centre and settlements. The name of the square was derived from the wheat commerce, which took place here from the second half of the 18th century. Multifunctional ground-floor and two-storey buildings (e.g. for the craftsmen, trade and storing of the goods) were built on the square. The characteristic elements of these buildings are “Nurnberg” gables and high, steep roofs made under the influence of the colonized German families from Hessen who were building the houses in the style of the German renaissance and baroque. The intensity of life in this urban zone influenced the constant construction and replacement of the objects. The present edifices were being built from the middle of the 18th century until the World War II. They are mostly two-storey buildings with business premises on the ground-floor and apartments on the first floor. Sometimes, the antique materials were used during the construction. These buildings, that were representative at the time of the construction, illustrate the urban development of the town, economic power of the owners, urban class and its culture of living and accommodation. The main façades were decorated in neo-baroque, neo-renaissance, eclectic, romanticism, secession and modernistic style. The interiors were luxuriously furnished. There was inlaid parquetry, painted ceilings, ivory locks, bathrooms with running water, decorative railings made of wrought iron and elevators for lifting food to the next floor, etc. The square was inhabited by distinguished and wealthy citizens, mostly merchants, industrialists, craftsmen, constructors, innkeepers, stonemasons, engineers, landowners, doctors and judges, etc. The first mayor of Sremska Mitrovica, Sir Cira Milekic, lived in the representative two-storey palace situated in the eastern part of the square (No 13). The house was built at the end of the 19th century in neo-renaissance style and it was lavishly and decoratively equipped.

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